What is Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF)?

One of the key outcomes of the COP15 UN Conference on Biodiversity in Montreal was that around 190 countries adopted the landmark Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework that aims to protect 30% of the Earth’s land and oceans by 2030.

Let’s know what this new framework on biodiversity conversation is all about:

What is 30 by 30 goal?

The new framework aims to restore 30% of degraded ecosystems globally (on land and sea) by 2030 and conserve and manage 30% of areas (terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine) by 2030.

Other key points of the framework

• Stop the extinction of known species, and by 2050 reduce tenfold the extinction risk and rate of all species (including unknown).
• Reduce risk from pesticides by at least 50% by 2030.
• Reduce nutrients lost to the environment by at least 50% by 2030.
• Reduce pollution risks and negative impacts of pollution from all sources by 2030 to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions.
• Reduce the global footprint of consumption by 2030, including through significantly reducing overconsumption and waste generation and halving food waste.
• Sustainably manage areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries, and forestry and substantially increase agroecology and other biodiversity-friendly practices.
• Tackle climate change through nature-based solutions.
• Reduce the rate of introduction and establishment of invasive alien species by at least 50% by 2030.
• Secure the safe, legal and sustainable use and trade of wild species by 2030.
• Greening up urban spaces.

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